Pistia stratiotes (Water lettuce) has a wide range of traditional medical uses, particularly its leaves. The current study was conducted to investigate the phytochemicals and antioxidant properties of methanol leaf extract from Pistia stratiotes in albino rats. Phytochemicals were detected in the samples using specified reagents, and their presence was confirmed by colour or precipitation changes according to standard procedures for phytochemical screening. The presence of various bioactive secondary metabolites constituents such as flavonoids, saponins, phenol, alkaloids, and tannin was revealed by qualitative phytochemical analysis, while the quantitative phytochemical analysis revealed the highest concentration of saponin (2.24 ± 0.52 mg/ml), followed by phenol (1.34 ± 0.055 mg/ml), and tannins (0.67 ± 0.35 mg/ml). Alkaloids (0.048 ± 0.06 mg/ml) and flavonoids (0.045 ± 0.011 mg/ml) were obtained with the lowest concentrations. However, when compared to the control group, the extract produced significant (p˂0.05) antioxidant effects. The antioxidant capabilities of Pistia stratioles methanol leaf extract protect normal cells from oxidative damage. Medicinal plants have been discovered and utilized throughout human history, and many of the drugs prescribed by doctors today have a long history of used as herbal remedies.
Key words: Pistia stratiole, Antioxidant, Phytochemicals, Methanol and Composition
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