Abstract

Objective: To compare the efficacy of bleomycin versus sodium tetradecyl sulfate for the treatment of low flow craniomaxillofacial venous malformations in the Pakistani population.
Methodology: This study utilized a randomized controlled trial design and was conducted at the Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Allama Iqbal Medical College/Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, over six months. Patients who underwent sclerotherapy were given prophylactic antihistamine medication before the procedure. Patients with abnormal values in specific blood tests were excluded. Two groups were formed: Group A received a combination of xylocaine with adrenaline and bleomycin, while Group B received sodium tetradecyl sulfate. Outcome was assessed in both groups.
Result: The study enrolled participants with an age range of 8 to 40 years. The duration of symptoms varied from 8 to 24 months. The size of the lesions ranged from 6 x 10mm to 40 x 40mm. The study population consisted of 43.2% male patients and 56.8% female patients. Statistical analysis using the chi-square test revealed a significant association between treatment efficacy and the two groups, with a p-value of 0.020.
Conclusion This study compares the efficacy of Bleomycin and Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate (STS) in treating low-flow craniomaxillofacial venous malformations, with Bleomycin demonstrating a higher response rate, particularly in facial and oral cavity lesions. The findings support sclerotherapy as an effective minimally invasive treatment.

Key words: Bleomycin, craniomaxillofacial venous malformations, intralesional sclerotherapy, sodium tetradecyl sulfate.