Objective: This study aimed to assess women’s knowledge about polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and associated nutritional recommendations, as well as identify factors influencing their awareness.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of women, aged 18-45 years, who were surveyed on their general and nutritional knowledge of PCOS. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire that assessed participants’ awareness of PCOS, its symptoms, nutritional management strategies, and sources of information. Demographic factors such as age, marital status, education, and occupation were also analyzed about knowledge levels.
Results: A majority of participants (90.4%) had heard of PCOS, with 88.2% correctly identifying that PCOS involves multiple small cysts in the ovaries, and 82.4% recognizing the link between obesity and PCOS. However, less than half (43.7%) were aware that diabetes can cause PCOS. Regarding nutritional knowledge, 75.0% of participants believed that specific foods could help manage PCOS, but only 48.6% knew specific dietary recommendations. Younger women, single women, and those with higher education exhibited significantly better knowledge. In addition, healthcare professionals were identified as the most common source of information.
Conclusions: The study found that participants had good general knowledge of PCOS but lacked awareness of important nutritional strategies such as low-glycemic-index foods, protein sources, and omega-3 fatty acids. It highlighted the need for targeted educational programs, especially for older, married women and those with lower education, to improve PCOS management.
Key words: Polycystic ovary syndrome, nutritional knowledge, women's health, dietary recommendations, Saudi Arabia
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