Abstract

Iatrogenic vascular injuries are rare but serious complications of orthopedic and vascular procedures, often resulting in acute limb ischemia and potential limb loss if not promptly recognized and managed. These injuries can occur due to surgical fixation, instrumentation, or intraoperative vessel trauma. Early diagnosis and appropriate surgical interventions are crucial for optimizing patient outcomes. This case series presents four patients who had iatrogenic vascular injuries following screw fixation, varicose vein stripping, K-wire fixation, and external fixator application. All patients were managed at a tertiary trauma center. Diagnosis was confirmed using computed tomography (CT) angiography, which revealed arterial occlusion or injury. Surgical intervention included thrombectomy, arterial repair, and reconstruction using vein grafts or primary anastomosis. Fasciotomy was performed in three cases to prevent compartment syndrome. All patients demonstrated restored limb perfusion and were discharged with favorable motor and sensorial functional outcomes. This series highlights the importance of early recognition, advanced imaging, and prompt surgical management in ensuring successful limb salvage following iatrogenic vascular trauma. A multidisciplinary approach, including trauma and vascular surgeons, is essential for improving outcomes and minimizing complications.

Key words: Vascular system injuries, iatrogenic diseases, postoperative complications, fracture