Maternal hypoparathyroidism causes enlargement in fetal parathyroid glands and hyperparathyroidism. This kind of neonatal hyperparathyroidism may lead tohypercalcemia. Normocalcemia may be observed in some cases. This temporary presentation of hyperparathyroidism generally recovers in a few days after birth as the infant takes enough amount of calcium and phosphorus. Especially significant intrauterine growth retardation and mortality rates are high in infants born from mothers with poorly controlled or untreated hypoparathyroidism. Contrary to the severe hyperparathyroidism of the newborn, these infants often have low birth weight, suppressed or normal serum calcium levels and normal or a little high serum phosphorus levels. The reasons for this difference between the two groups are unknown. In this article, literature was examined by presenting the case of an infant who had transient normocalcemic hyperparathyroidism and the mother who had thyrodectomy and hypoparathyroid symptoms and inadequate treatment during pregnancy.
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