Abstract

Background:
One of the major global health challenges is diabetes mellitus, especially among individuals suffering from obesity, sedentary lifestyles, and a family history of the disease. Reports from the International Diabetes Federation (2021), indicate that more than 537 million of persons are affected around the world.

Aim:
Evaluating the effect of a structured health awareness campaign on diabetes-related knowledge between risk populations.

Methods:
A quasi-experimental pre-post study was conducted at selected health centers, public hospitals, urban and rural communities. Using a stratified random sample, a total of 500 participants aged 25–60 years were selected. The campaign consisted of face-to-face lectures, interactive workshops, social media posts, and educational brochure. Knowledge has been assessed before and after the campaign using a validated questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.

Results:
Participants’ total knowledge score significantly increased from 12.3 (SD = 3.8) to 21.6 (SD = 2.7) (p < 0.001). Higher education (r = 0.34, p < 0.001) and family history of diabetes (r = 0.21, p < 0.001) were positively associated with improvement. Age showed a negative association (β = –0.12, r = –0.18, p = 0.004), while BMI not significant predictors.

Conclusion:
The results revealed a significant improvement in diabetes knowledge among risk groups. Tailored interventions focusing on individuals with lower education levels and no family history of diabetes are recommended. Also, incorporating strategies for behavioral change is essential for sustaining long-term benefits.

Key words: Diabetes mellitus; Health awareness campaign; Knowledge improvement; High-risk population.