Abstract
Aim
Chronic renal failure (CRF) incidence is increasing all over the world. Most of these patients will show oral signs or symptoms either related to the renal disease or its treatment.The treatment may require dietary and fluid restrictions but despite this most of the patients progress to end stage renal failure (ESRF) and require further treatment of haemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis or renal transplantation.
This research aims to present the dental manifestations a patient undergoing hemodialysis may present with and also make recommendations for the general dentist to improve their patients oral hygiene status.
Methods
A retrospective study of 191 patients , over a three-month period , was carried out at the Tabba Institute of Renal Diseases, Karachi , where patients undergoing hemodialysis were examined. Non-invasive oral examination was carried out for these patients after receiving verbal consent from them.
Results
A comprehensive outline of the different manifestations in the patients undergoing hemodialysis ; caries, periodontal disease, halitosis, lichen planus like lesions and xerostomia is discussed in this article along with the number of patients who seroconverted to Hepatitis B and C during the course of their treatment.
Conclusion
Patients with Chronic renal failure have significant medical histories and associated drug regimens, which may considerably affect the oral environment. In this research, we have evaluated the oral manifestations of patients undergoing hemodialysis and have also made recommendations for the general dentist to improve their patients oral hygiene status.
Key words: Chronic renal failure, dialysis, oral manifestations, GDP recommendations
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