The current research was realized for the cardioprotective effect of anthocyanin-rich extract of red cabbage (ARERC) on isoproterenol-induced (ISO) myocardial infarction (MI) in rats. Total phenolic, anthocyanin content, and antioxidant activity were assessed in ARERC. ARERC acute toxicity was evaluated. The results revealed that ARERC contains a high amount of total phenolic (633.9 mg gallic acid equivalents/100 g) and total anthocyanin (618.2 mg Cy3G/100 g) in association with antioxidant activity against (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radicals and possesses high reducing capacity. ARERC was completely safe up to 12 g/kg mice BW. ISO-induced myocardial injury was recognized by elevation in relative heart weight, plasma cardiac marker enzymes (lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, aspartate transaminase, and alanine transaminase), oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and catalase), inflammatory marker C-reactive protein, and histological changes in the cardiac tissue. ARERC oral administration (100 and 200 mg/kg) before MI initiation diminished oxidative stress and inflammation, reinstated the cardiac antioxidants, and improved all changes in cardiac tissue in rats. ISO increased inflammatory cytokines expression (IL-6 and IL-1) and 5-hydroxytryptamine-7 receptor in the cardiac tissue. Results suggested that administration of ARERC alleviates inflammation, stress of oxidation, and damage in the cardiac tissues. Results suggested the beneficial effect of ARERC as an alternative treatment against cardiovascular diseases, especially MI.
Key words: Anthocyanin, Red cabbage, Isoproterenol, Myocardial infarction, Gene expression, Biochemical and histopathological changes.
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